Endomorphin-1 vs Larazotide
Head-to-head comparison of Endomorphin-1 (Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2) and Larazotide (Larazotide acetate (AT-1001)) — benefits, dosing, side effects, research data, and where to buy.
Research Score
| Property | Endomorphin-1 | Larazotide |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Pain Management | Gastrointestinal |
| Full Name | Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2 | Larazotide acetate (AT-1001) |
| Molecular Weight | 610.71 Da | N/A |
| Half-Life | Minutes in plasma | short; designed for local gut action |
| Amino Acids | 4 | 8 |
| Typical Dose | 0.1-10 ug per animal | 0.5-4 mg TID (clinical studies) |
| Route | Intrathecal / subcutaneous | Oral |
| Purity | ≥98% | ≥98% |
| Studies Count | 600 | 40 |
| Research Status | Pre-clinical | Clinical |
Endomorphin-1 Benefits
- ✓mu-opioid selectivity
- ✓potent antinociception
- ✓endogenous peptide scaffold
- ✓useful for receptor-discovery studies
Larazotide Benefits
- ✓tight-junction-support
- ✓reduced-permeability
- ✓symptom-reduction
- ✓barrier-protection
Endomorphin-1 Dosing
Intrathecal 0.1-10 ug per animal|Subcutaneous 0.1-5 ug per animal|In vitro 0.1-100 nM
Larazotide Dosing
0.5-4 mg orally before meals in clinical trials|typically three times daily|short-course or chronic study protocols
Endomorphin-1 Side Effects
- ⚠respiratory depression at high exposure
- ⚠sedation
- ⚠tolerance and dependence potential
Larazotide Side Effects
- ⚠headache
- ⚠nausea
- ⚠abdominal discomfort
Research Overview
Endomorphin-1
Endomorphin-1 is a key research peptide in studies of endogenous mu-opioid signaling and spinal analgesia. Like other peptide analgesics, its main translational hurdles are enzymatic instability, limited oral bioavailability, and delivery across barriers.
Larazotide
Clinical and translational studies suggest larazotide can reduce antigen passage across the epithelium and improve gut barrier function. It is one of the better-known peptides for intestinal permeability and barrier-focused gastrointestinal therapy.
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