Leu-enkephalin vs Larazotide
Head-to-head comparison of Leu-enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu) and Larazotide (Larazotide acetate (AT-1001)) — benefits, dosing, side effects, research data, and where to buy.
Research Score
| Property | Leu-enkephalin | Larazotide |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Pain Management | Gastrointestinal |
| Full Name | Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu | Larazotide acetate (AT-1001) |
| Molecular Weight | 555.63 Da | N/A |
| Half-Life | 1-5 minutes in plasma | short; designed for local gut action |
| Amino Acids | 5 | 8 |
| Typical Dose | 0.1-5 ug per animal | 0.5-4 mg TID (clinical studies) |
| Route | Intrathecal / intracerebroventricular | Oral |
| Purity | ≥98% | ≥98% |
| Studies Count | 1000 | 40 |
| Research Status | Pre-clinical | Clinical |
Leu-enkephalin Benefits
- ✓delta-opioid activity
- ✓endogenous analgesic model
- ✓receptor-selective pharmacology
- ✓nociception pathway research
Larazotide Benefits
- ✓tight-junction-support
- ✓reduced-permeability
- ✓symptom-reduction
- ✓barrier-protection
Leu-enkephalin Dosing
Intrathecal 0.1-5 ug per animal|Intracerebroventricular 0.1-2 ug per animal|In vitro 1-100 nM
Larazotide Dosing
0.5-4 mg orally before meals in clinical trials|typically three times daily|short-course or chronic study protocols
Leu-enkephalin Side Effects
- ⚠sedation
- ⚠constipation-like opioid effects
- ⚠very short plasma stability
Larazotide Side Effects
- ⚠headache
- ⚠nausea
- ⚠abdominal discomfort
Research Overview
Leu-enkephalin
Leu-enkephalin is a standard tool in opioid receptor and pain-transmission research because it helps distinguish delta- from mu-preferring signaling. Its research value is high, but its clinical utility is limited by rapid enzymatic breakdown and delivery challenges.
Larazotide
Clinical and translational studies suggest larazotide can reduce antigen passage across the epithelium and improve gut barrier function. It is one of the better-known peptides for intestinal permeability and barrier-focused gastrointestinal therapy.
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