Val-Pro-Pro
Valyl-prolyl-proline
VPP Amino Acids · MW: 343.38 Da
Amino Acids
VPP
Molecular Weight
343.38 Da
Half-life
minutes
Research Score
4.2
Studies
85
Storage
Store lyophilized at -20°C, reconstituted at 2-8°C
What is Val-Pro-Pro?
Val-Pro-Pro (VPP) is a tripeptide generated from casein during milk fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis. It is one of the best-studied food peptides for ACE inhibition and modest blood-pressure lowering in some human studies.
Key Benefits & Mechanisms
ACE inhibition
blood pressure support
endothelial function
Research Summary
Classic fermented-milk peptide with repeated clinical and pre-clinical evaluation; commonly cited as a benchmark bioactive peptide from dairy protein hydrolysis.
Related Peptides
β-Casomorphin-7
Beta-casomorphin-7
β-Casomorphin-7 is a heptapeptide released from bovine β-casein during digestion, fermentation, or enzymatic hydrolysis. It is an opioid-receptor-active milk peptide studied for gut motility, analgesic-like signaling, and immunomodulatory effects.
Food-Derived Peptidesα-Lactorphin
Alpha-lactorphin
α-Lactorphin is a tetrapeptide fragment of α-lactalbumin from milk whey. It has been studied as a food-derived bioactive peptide with ACE-inhibitory, vasorelaxant, and antihypertensive activity.
Food-Derived PeptidesIle-Pro-Pro
Isoleucyl-prolyl-proline
Ile-Pro-Pro (IPP) is a tripeptide generated from casein during fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis. It is closely studied with VPP for ACE inhibition, endothelial effects, and blood-pressure-related outcomes.
Food-Derived PeptidesLactoferrampin B
Bovine lactoferrampin B
A lactoferrin-derived peptide from bovine milk with potent membrane-active antimicrobial effects. It is studied as a natural food-derived peptide candidate for pathogen control and wound-related applications.
Food-Derived Peptides