PACAP-27 vs GLP-1
Head-to-head comparison of PACAP-27 (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide-27) and GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36 amide)) — benefits, dosing, side effects, research data, and where to buy.
| Property | PACAP-27 | GLP-1 |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Diabetes & Metabolic | Diabetes & Metabolic |
| Full Name | Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide-27 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36 amide) |
| Molecular Weight | 3158 Da | 3297 Da |
| Half-Life | minutes | 1-2 minutes |
| Amino Acids | 27 | 30 |
| Typical Dose | Research-only: 0.1-1 nmol/kg | Research-only: 0.1-1.0 pmol/kg/min |
| Route | Intraperitoneal/Subcutaneous | Intravenous/Subcutaneous |
| Purity | ≥98% | ≥98% |
| Studies Count | 220 | 1200 |
| Research Status | Pre-clinical | Pre-clinical |
PACAP-27 Benefits
- ✓anti-apoptotic signaling
- ✓insulin secretagogue effect
- ✓reduced ER stress
- ✓islet cytoprotection
GLP-1 Benefits
- ✓beta-cell protection
- ✓improved insulin secretion
- ✓slower gastric emptying
- ✓lower postprandial glucose
PACAP-27 Dosing
0.1-1 nmol/kg in animal studies|10-100 nM in vitro|research-only intermittent dosing
GLP-1 Dosing
0.1-1.0 pmol/kg/min IV infusion in research|0.5-10 nM in vitro|continuous delivery in animal studies
PACAP-27 Side Effects
- ⚠flushing
- ⚠hypotension at high exposure
- ⚠headache
GLP-1 Side Effects
- ⚠nausea at pharmacologic exposure
- ⚠tachyphylaxis with continuous exposure
- ⚠headache
Research Overview
PACAP-27
PACAP-27 has been repeatedly shown to support beta-cell survival through cAMP/PKA and related pathways. In experimental models it mitigates cytokine damage, preserves insulin content, and helps maintain islet viability.
GLP-1
Native GLP-1 has a very short half-life because of rapid DPP-4 cleavage, so it is mainly used as a mechanistic research peptide. Across animal and cellular studies it reduces beta-cell apoptosis, improves insulin gene expression, and enhances islet resilience.
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